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Criminal justice issues-including the use of force by police, fairness in trials and sentencing, and equal treatment of minority groups-are some of the most contentious debates of our time. How do we balance respect the need for safe streets and homes with the need to respect the rights of the accused? Different democracies approach these questions in vastly different ways. The benefits of democracy can be found in every part of the globe. Since the...
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What defines a citizen? Who can become one? Does the creation of new citizens benefit a country or threaten it? All democracies grapple with questions about who should or should not become citizens of their countries. But not all countries answer these questions in the same ways. The benefits of democracy can be found in every part of the globe. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union and its communist ideology in 1991, democracy has been touted as...
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The rights to free speech and expression are a vital part of any democracy. Balancing these rights with other priorities-such as national defense and the protection of minorities-is an ongoing struggle both in the United States and in democracies across the globe. The benefits of democracy can be found in every part of the globe. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union and its communist ideology in 1991, democracy has been touted as the only real answer...
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Abraham Lincoln noted that governments should be "of the people, by the people, [and] for the people." And yet, female citizens have often found that they are not as well served as men. Efforts to bring fair treatment to all people regardless of their gender or orientation are an important part of making democracy work for everyone. The benefits of democracy can be found in every part of the globe. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union and its communist...
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Corruption has been a feature of governments throughout history, and it remains a problem today. Eliminating-or at least reducing-corruption is an important part of making the political process function on behalf of regular citizens. Accountability and openness, also called transparency, is a key feature of all functioning democracies. The benefits of democracy can be found in every part of the globe. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union and its...
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The right of citizens to play a role in political decision-making is fundamental to democracy. And yet, it took many decades of struggle for the vote to be extended to everyone-and controversies about voting rights continue to rage today. Democracies across the globe also struggle with issues such as voter ID laws, voter apathy, and how to avoid the so-called "tyranny of the majority." The benefits of democracy can be found in every part of the globe....
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Striking a balance between the right of corporations to earn a profit with the rights of the people they employ is a key struggle in any democracy. The challenges are many, from fair and equal pay to workplace safety, and from hiring discrimination to protection from unjust firing. This book explores these issues and the various solutions that have been found by the world's democracies. The benefits of democracy can be found in every part of the globe....
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The world's first democracy, the United States, was founded in large part as a reaction against religious oppression. So it's no surprise that the protection of rights to religious and cultural beliefs and practices are cornerstones of democratic societies. And yet, even in our heterogeneous world, protections for ethnic and religious minorities can seem fragile at best. The benefits of democracy can be found in every part of the globe. Since the...
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In this volume, terrorism is explored in the context of the UN's international peace and security policies. From the response to the September 11, 2011, terrorist attacks in the United States, to the exploits of Boko Haram and the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria-students will gain a thorough understanding of the UN's role in the prevention of terrorism and its response to the devastation when it happens.
10) The Senate
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As the upper chamber of the United States Congress, the Senate has a long and storied history. Its members serve for six-year terms and are responsible for confirming presidential appointments, ratifying treaties, and other high-profile assignments. The Senate also reviews legislation sent up by the House of Representatives. George Washington described the Senate as a "cooling saucer" where pending legislation could "cool" before being turned into...
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As the seat of power in the United Nations, the Security Council and its five permanent members have influence in every corner of the globe. Through an investigation into the Security Council's history and role at the UN, profiles of the five permanent members, and criticisms concerning it, students will understand how this central part of the United Nations wields so much power in the world.
12) The Presidency
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Few public offices are as storied as the U.S. presidency. From its inception in the 18th century and the first president, George Washington, through the turbulence of the Civil War and Abraham Lincoln's masterful statesmanship, to twentieth-century leaders who steered America onto the world stage, the president is responsible for communicating the national mission. It is a job with great power that comes with many challenges. The president may be...
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In the turbulent years after World War I, a new type of governing philosophy known as fascism emerged in a handful of countries-most notably in Italy under Benito Mussolini and in Germany under Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party. Fascism denied that individuals had any rights the state was bound to respect. It demanded that citizens blindly obey their leader. It glorified violence. It promised to purify a degraded culture and restore the nation to greatness....
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This book introduces readers to the best-equipped, most elite air force in the world and its unflagging mission to protect the citizens and interests of the United States. The U.S. Air Force (USAF) was only established in 1947-44 years after the Wright Brothers first flight; yet its aircraft, equipment, and power are unrivalled. Air National Guard squadrons monitor the skies over the United States. The USAF Space Command puts surveillance satellites...
15) Impeachment
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When America's Founding Fathers were setting up the new government, they wanted to ensure their leaders would be held accountable. For that reason, they established rules and regulations around the practice of impeachment-the ability to charge, convict, and remove a public official should he or she become corrupted by power or fail to carry out the duties of the office. Today, the impeachment process remains one of the most serious government functions....
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This volume presents a comprehensive overview of the history and structure of the United Nations. An analysis of the UN Charter and the functions of the major UN divisions, including the General Assembly, the Security Council, and the Secretariat, as well as its funding and controversies surrounding it-all these considerations will offer students a thorough understanding of the UN's place in the world and how it operates.
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Today, the basic ideas underpinning democracy-that government exists for the benefit of the people, and that it must have their consent to be legitimate-may seem obvious. Even dictators pay lip service to these ideas. But the logic of democracy hasn't always been widely accepted. In fact, throughout most of recorded history, nearly all rulers claimed absolute authority. This book traces the long evolution of government "by the people," from its roots...
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Of all the threats to peace and democracy in the world today, few are more disturbing than that of biological or chemical warfare. These weapons are cheap to make and easy to use, which has made them the ideal choice for a new and sinister breed of terrorists. Protecting against Biological and Chemical Attack is a fascinating introduction to the main types of biological and chemical weapons, including their history, applications, and limitations....
19) The Constitution
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The Constitution is the founding document of the American republic. Over two centuries have passed since its adoption, yet its meaning is still fiercely debated. The debate over whether it should be interpreted strictly as it was written in the eighteenth century or as a living document that must evolve over time to meet Americans' changing needs is ongoing and continues to frame legislation on both the state and national level. This book explores...
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America has always been a nation of immigrants. In addition to the approximately 1 million immigrants who enter the United States legally each year, millions more enter without documentation or overstay their visas. It is the job of Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to help hard working immigrants in search of a better life to enter the U.S. legally while keeping out terrorists and other foreign nationals who would seek to harm the nation. CBP,...
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